The CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organization) License is an official authorization provided by the Government of India for the manufacture, sale, import, and distribution of drugs, medicines, and medical devices in India. CDSCO regulates medical devices, in-vitro diagnostic devices (IVDs), and pharmaceuticals, ensuring they comply with standards of safety, quality, and efficacy under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, and the Medical Devices Rules, 2017.
Here is an overview of the various types of licenses issued by CDSCO, their details, and the processes involved:
1. Types of CDSCO Licenses
There are several types of CDSCO licenses, depending on the business activities involved (e.g., manufacturing, importing, distribution) and the type of product (drugs, medical devices, etc.):
1.1. Manufacturing License (Drugs and Medical Devices)
For Pharmaceutical Products: License for the manufacture of drugs, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), dosage forms (tablets, injections, etc.), and vaccines.
For Medical Devices: License to manufacture medical devices (Class A, B, C, or D) and in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) devices.
Application Form:
Form 28 (for medical devices).
Form 24D (for drugs).
1.2. Import License (Drugs and Medical Devices)
For Importers: Any entity wishing to import medical devices, IVDs, or pharmaceutical products into India must obtain an import license from CDSCO.
For medical devices/IVDs: Importers must register their products before importation.
Application Form:
Form 40 (for drugs and pharmaceutical products).
Form MD-14 (for medical devices).
1.3. Wholesale and Retail License
For Wholesale Distribution: To distribute drugs and medical devices at the wholesale level within India, entities must obtain a wholesale license from CDSCO.
For Retail Sale: Retailers of pharmaceutical products and medical devices also need to obtain licenses for retail sale.
Application Form:
Form 19 (wholesale license for drugs).
Form 21 (retail sale license).
1.4. Registration License for Medical Devices
For Medical Devices: Manufacturers or importers of medical devices (including IVDs) must register the device with CDSCO before it is marketed in India.
Application Form:
MD-14 (for medical devices and IVD registration).
1.5. Clinical Trial Permission
For conducting clinical trials involving drugs or medical devices, entities must obtain permission from CDSCO before initiating trials.
Application Form:
Form CT-01 for clinical trial applications (for drugs).
2. Eligibility for CDSCO Licenses
To apply for any CDSCO license, the applicant must meet the following criteria:
Legal Entity: The applicant must be a registered company, partnership, or firm under Indian law (e.g., Company Act, Partnership Act).
Compliance with Regulatory Standards: The applicant must meet the relevant Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for medical devices or drugs.
Qualified Personnel: The applicant must employ qualified personnel (such as a qualified person (QP) for manufacturing).
Facility Standards: The manufacturing facility must meet the required infrastructure and quality control measures as per the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, Medical Devices Rules, and relevant standards.
State License: For manufacturing, sale, or distribution of drugs and devices in India, a State Licensing Authority (SLA) license is also required (state-level license).
3. CDSCO License Application Process
The process for obtaining a CDSCO license (for manufacturing, importing, etc.) follows these general steps:
Step 1: Complete the Application Form
The applicant must complete the appropriate application form depending on the license type (e.g., Form 28 for medical devices manufacturing, Form 40 for importers).
Step 2: Submit Required Documents
The following documents are generally required for the application:
Application Form (as mentioned above).
Manufacturing License/Import License from the State Licensing Authority (if applicable).
GMP Certificate (for manufacturing).
Free Sale Certificate (FSC) from the country of origin (for imported drugs or medical devices).
Certificate of Pharmaceutical Product (CPP) (for pharmaceutical products).
Test Reports from accredited labs.
Clinical Trial Data (if applicable).
Product Details (including technical specifications, intended use, labeling, and packaging details).
Stability Data (for drug products).
Step 3: Submission to CDSCO
The completed application and documents are submitted to CDSCO through its online portal or regional offices, depending on the product category.
Step 4: Application Review
CDSCO reviews the application and supporting documents to ensure compliance with Drugs and Cosmetics Act and Medical Devices Rules.
CDSCO may consult with technical advisory boards (e.g., MDTAB for medical devices) for additional information or clarification.
Step 5: Inspection (If Applicable)
For manufacturing licenses, CDSCO may inspect the manufacturing facility to ensure compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP).
For high-risk medical devices or IVDs, additional inspections may be required at the manufacturer’s site.
Step 6: License Issuance
After successful review and approval of the application, CDSCO issues the license (manufacturing, import, distribution, etc.).
The license specifies the scope of authorization (e.g., product types, geographical limits) and is valid for a specific period (usually 5 years for manufacturing licenses).
Step 7: License Renewal
CDSCO licenses need to be renewed periodically (every 5 years for manufacturing licenses). Renewal requires submission of updated documents and a renewal application before the expiry date.
4. Fees for CDSCO Licenses
The fees for obtaining a CDSCO license vary based on the type of license, product category, and classification (e.g., Class A, B, C, D for medical devices). The exact fee structure is typically outlined on the CDSCO website or can be obtained by contacting CDSCO directly.
Manufacturing License Fees: Higher for high-risk products like Class C and D medical devices, compared to low-risk devices.
Import License Fees: Varies depending on the product type.
Renewal Fees: Fees are charged at the time of license renewal.
5. Validity and Renewal of CDSCO Licenses
Manufacturing License: Valid for 5 years; it needs to be renewed before the expiration date by submitting a renewal application and updated documents.
Import License: Valid for 5 years and renewable after that period.
Other Licenses (Retail/Wholesale): Typically valid for 5 years and must be renewed on time.
6. Post-License Obligations
After obtaining a CDSCO license, the licensee must:
Comply with GMP standards for manufacturing.
Maintain proper records of production, sales, and distribution.
Conduct post-market surveillance for medical devices or drugs to monitor safety and performance.
Report adverse events or product issues to CDSCO.
Renew the license as per regulatory timelines.
7. Timeline for CDSCO License Issuance
The time required for obtaining a CDSCO license depends on the type of product and license applied for:
Manufacturing License: Typically takes 90 to 180 days for approval (especially for high-risk medical devices).
Import License: Typically 180 to 270 days depending on the product.
Registration License for Medical Devices: Around 180 days, but may take longer for high-risk devices.
8. Key Regulatory Authorities Involved
CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organization): The primary authority for granting manufacturing, import, and distribution licenses for drugs and medical devices.
Drug Controller General of India (DCGI): Head of CDSCO, responsible for overseeing the approval process.
State Licensing Authorities (SLA): Issue state-level licenses for the manufacture, sale, and distribution of drugs and devices.
By following these processes and ensuring compliance with Indian regulations, you can successfully obtain a CDSCO license for manufacturing, importing, or distributing drugs and medical devices in India.